Why do Japanese avoid strong smells?
ItsukiYokoyama · 2026年4月18日 · 閲覧 5 回
For many travelers visiting Japan, one of the first things they notice—or rather, don't notice—is the lack of strong odors in public spaces. In a country where thousands of people pack into subway cars and office buildings, the air remains remarkably neutral. This isn't a coincidence; it is the result of a deeply ingrained cultural value known as 'sumeru harasumento' (smell harassment). From subtle perfumes to the exclusion of pungent foods in shared spaces, the Japanese approach to scent is defined by a 'consideration for others' that borders on a social contract. This article explores the cultural, social, and historical reasons why strong smells are often viewed as an intrusion in Japanese society and how this affects daily life and etiquette.
The concept of 'Kigane' and Consideration for Others: At the heart of the Japanese aversion to strong smells is the concept of 'kigane' or 'omoiyari'—the practice of being mindful of one's impact on those around them. In Japan's high-density urban environments, personal space is limited. Therefore, maintaining a harmonious atmosphere (wa) requires individuals to minimize any sensory intrusion they might impose on others. Just as loud talking on a phone is discouraged on trains, emitting a strong scent—even a pleasant one like expensive perfume—is seen as an invasion of another person's 'airspace.' This collective mindset ensures that public environments remain neutral and comfortable for everyone, preventing the discomfort that strong scents can cause to those with sensitivities or different tastes.
The Rise of 'Sumeru Harasumento' (Smell Harassment): In recent years, the term 'sumeru harasumento' (often shortened to 'sumehara') has gained significant traction in Japanese media and corporate culture. It refers to the distress caused by the odors of others, including body odor, cigarette smoke, and even overly strong fabric softeners or perfumes. Many Japanese companies have now included scent guidelines in their employee handbooks. This social phenomenon highlights a shift where personal hygiene and grooming are no longer just private matters but professional responsibilities. The fear of being 'the person who smells' is a powerful motivator in Japan, leading to a massive market for deodorizing products that neutralize scents rather than masking them with more perfume.
A Focus on Cleanliness and Hygiene: Japan's Shinto roots place a heavy emphasis on purification and cleanliness. Physical cleanliness is often equated with spiritual purity. This cultural foundation manifests in a preference for 'mu-kou' (unscented) products. While Western markets often equate 'clean' with the smell of lemon or pine, the Japanese ideal of 'clean' is the total absence of odor. This preference is evident in the aisles of Japanese drugstores, which are filled with unscented detergents, deodorants, and room sprays. Bathing daily is a non-negotiable standard, and the goal is to return to a 'blank slate' state rather than layering on artificial fragrances.
Culinary Scents and Public Etiquette: While Japanese cuisine (Washoku) uses flavorful ingredients like dashi and miso, these aromas are generally kept within the kitchen or dining area. You will rarely see a Japanese person eating a strong-smelling snack on a commuter train or in a shared office space. When people do eat out at places like yakiniku (BBQ) or ramen shops, there is often an immediate effort to deodorize clothing afterward. Many such restaurants provide specialized deodorizing sprays at the exit. This boundary between 'eating spaces' and 'public spaces' is strictly maintained to ensure that lingering food smells do not bother others later in the day.
The Subtle Art of 'Koh' and Traditional Scents: Historically, Japan does have a rich culture of scent, specifically through 'Kodo' (the way of incense). However, traditional incense is appreciated in specific, controlled settings designed for mindfulness. Even in these traditions, the appreciation is for the 'listening' to the scent—a subtle, fleeting experience rather than an overwhelming one. This historical appreciation for delicacy translates to modern times: if a Japanese person does choose to wear a fragrance, it is usually a 'skin scent'—something so light it can only be detected within a very close proximity, often referred to as 'one-arm's length' etiquette.
The Economic Impact: The 'Deodorizing' Industry: The Japanese market has responded to this cultural trait with incredible innovation. Beyond simple deodorants, there are now 'anti-odor' business shirts, socks with silver ions to kill bacteria, and even oral supplements designed to make body sweat scentless. The focus of these products is 'masking zero'—the total elimination of the source of the smell. For a traveler, understanding this market is key; if you are looking for heavy colognes, you might find the selection limited compared to the vast array of products designed to make you smell like absolutely nothing.
Practical Advice for Travelers: To navigate Japanese society smoothly, travelers should consider toning down their use of perfume or cologne. In crowded areas, what feels like a light spray at home can become overwhelming to those unaccustomed to it. Additionally, being mindful of 'smell etiquette' in temples, traditional ryokans, and high-end sushi restaurants—where the aroma of the fish is paramount—will show respect for the local culture. By embracing the 'scentless' norm, you are participating in the silent harmony that makes Japanese public life so uniquely orderly and considerate.
